What is the format of an examination that allows students to use reference materials?

The format that allows students to use reference materials is known as an open book examination. In this type of exam, students are permitted to consult textbooks, notes, or other resources while answering questions. This format typically assesses a deeper understanding of the material, as students must not only find relevant information but also apply it critically to the exam questions. Open book examinations are designed to test the application of knowledge rather than mere memorization, encouraging learners to engage more thoughtfully with the subject matter.

The other formats do not allow the use of reference materials in the same manner. A closed book examination requires students to rely solely on their memory, often leading to a focus on recall rather than comprehension. A take-home examination is typically structured to allow students to research and utilize resources over an extended period, but it does not occur in a controlled exam setting. An online examination may or may not be open book, as it is primarily defined by its delivery method rather than how reference materials are used.